Abstract

The act of resistance has emerged in tandem with the onset of oppression and persecution in human existence, tracing its origins to the dawn of humanity-even to the primordial narratives of the sons of Adam. This dichotomy between injustice and resistance has persisted through the ages, undergoing profound historical transformations alongside the evolution of human civilization. Resistance has long been embedded in literary discourse, steadily expanding its influence as a pivotal force in societal life. By the twentieth century, formal theories and schools of resistance literature had coalesced, generally categorized under the rubric of "littérature engage" (committed literature). This study aims to investigate the manifestations of resistance within the poetic corpus of the Iraqi poet Mundhir Abd al-Hurr. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the research draws upon established theoretical frameworks pertaining to resistance in general and resistance literature in particular. The findings reveal that resistance is deeply ingrained in the majority of Abdul-Hurr’s poetic works. Notably, his approach transcends the ephemeral nature of inflammatory political manifestos; instead, it is characterized by a humanistic ethos that champions peace and life against all forms of tyranny, colonialism, and occupation, while explicitly rejecting destructive sectarianism and bigotry. It is concluded that resistance in his poetry is multifaceted, with a distinct emphasis on non-violent, peaceful resistance.