Narration is one of the most prominent expressive forms encompassing various discourses and literary genres, appearing in myths, tales, legends, epics, novels, and folk narratives, which provide a fertile field for representing human, social, and cultural values. The specificity of the folk tale derives from its narrative structure, based on the interaction of several elements, foremost among them events, characters, time, space, and narrative techniques. This study seeks to explore the aesthetics of narrative structure in Abdul Amir Al-Majjar’s Ghaylan: The Song of the Marsh Boats by analyzing its major narrative components and examining how they are employed in shaping its artistic structure. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate the mechanisms of narrative construction and the functions of its elements, focusing on narrative forms, time and its techniques, space, characters, and dialogue. It also examines temporal deviations represented by analepsis and prolepsis, as well as narrative rhythm techniques, particularly summary, ellipsis, pause, and scene. The study demonstrates the predominance of analepsis over prolepsis and the diversity of narrative forms through the use of third-person, first-person, and second-person pronouns, as well as the diversity of spaces and their multiple functions in constructing the narrative setting. It also reveals a diversity of characters, both major and minor, with Ghaylan emerging as the central figure around whom the events revolve. The study further shows that the interaction of time, space, characters, dialogue, and narrative techniques contributes to constructing a tale that combines reality, imagination, and myth, while reflecting the distinctive social and cultural characteristics of the Iraqi environment.