Nostalgia represents the most significant element that occupies the imagination and thoughts of an exile regarding his homeland, as the term refers to an overwhelming longing for the original place, a yearning for it, a fear of returning to it, and a continuous torment in being away from it. As for alienation, it is considered one of the common terms in the present era as a result of the changes that occurred after the nineteenth century. It has become one of the byproducts of industrial society, which treats human beings in a materialistic manner. Thus, the term alienation has garnered widespread attention in critical, psychological, and sociological studies. Alienation encompasses psychological, social, intellectual, spatial, and self-alienation.This research paper is concerned with tracing the impact of nostalgia and alienation in the poetry of Muzaffar al-Nawwab and presenting their connotations. It sets out to address an important issue, namely, estrangement and alienation in contemporary Iraqi poetry, specifically in the poetry of the Iraqi diaspora, particularly that of Muzaffar al-Nawwab, and to demonstrate the distinctiveness of this poetry in employing this phenomenon. Therefore, we have placed nostalgia as the primary focus and objective of this study, which aims to elucidate the connotations of that phenomenon and the poet's manner of dealing with it. The study has revealed many semantic paradoxes in the employment of alienation in the works of a poet who experienced its bitterness. This article follows the analytical-transmission methodology, seeking to arrive at the deep-seated meanings that the poet has concealed within his text. Nostalgia has become a fertile subject studied in psychology, sociology, and literary criticism, particularly nostalgia and the issue of identity (the self and the other) in the poetry of Muzaffar al-Nawwab, which presents (the self and the Iraqi other) and (the self and the non-Iraqi other). Given that human beings face catastrophes and crises, one flees to countries where security and safety prevail in order to preserve one's life. Consequently, various feelings arise in exile, including the feeling of alienation. This phenomenon appears in the literary, psychological, political, and social spheres as a result of injustice, fear of authority, and lack of recognition of the other. Thus, self-alienation branches into psychological, social, and cultural alienation. From this, we pose the question: How have the forms of alienation manifested themselves in the poetry of Muzaffar al-Nawwab? Therefore, we examine in light of this the longing for the old place (the place of childhood, sacred, popular, and official spatial symbols, and the phenomenon of sadness in the poetry of Muzaffar al-Nawwab), the motives of sadness (gray hair, death), and the manifestations of sadness (weeping and anguish, worry and sleeplessness, complaint and lamentation).